TRASTORNOS DEL ESTADO DE ÁNIMO EN CIEN AÑOS DE SOLEDAD. Ilustración mediante un caso clínico

Autores/as

  • Álex González Grau Universidad de Cartagena

Palabras clave:

Trastornos del ánimo, ánimo, literatura, medicina y literatura, Mood disorders, mood, literature, medicine in literature

Resumen

RESUMEN 

En la novela Cien Años de Soledad, de Gabriel García Márquez, se describen de manera clara y precisa cuadros clínicos completos de una amplia y completa gama de enfermedades mentales, entre los que destacan especialmente diversas manifestaciones de trastornos del humor, la mayoría de ellos en miembros de la familia protagonista del relato. En este texto se ilustran los estados de ánimo presentes en Cien años de soledad mediante uno de los ejemplos más representativos (5). Los trastornos del estado de ánimo, también conocidos como trastornos del humor, hacen parte de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes dentro de la población general (1). El más endémico de ellos es el trastorno depresivo mayor, el cual puede llegar a afectar hasta al 25% de la población adulta (1,2,3). En general, los trastornos del estado de ánimo se clasifican como trastornos depresivos y trastornos bipolares según su presentación clínica. La herencia desempeña un papel esencial en la génesis de  estos trastornos, pero no puede desconocerse ni subestimarse el papel del medio ambiente en su manifestación y evolución. En general, se acepta que los trastornos del estado de ánimo son un perfecto ejemplo acerca de cómo los trastornos mentales son la expresión de una serie de complejas interacciones que involucran la predisposición genética y el medioambiente en el que crezca cada individuo (4). 

Palabras clave: Trastornos del ánimo, ánimo, literatura, medicina y literatura.

 

Abstract 

MOOD DISORDERS IN ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF SOLITUDE.
Illustration by a clinic case

In Garcia Marquez’s One hundred years of solitude, many distinct mental disorders are described by the author, being mood disorders most prominent, particularly in the leading characters. This paper illustrates mood disorders in One hundred years of solitude through discussing one of most outstanding examples of those (5). Mood disorders are among most frequent chronic mental disorders affecting general population (1). Most endemic mood disorder, major depressive disorder affects up to 25% of adult population (1,2,3). Mood disorders are classified as bipolar disorders or depressive disorders regarding clinical features. Inheritance plays a main role, but environmental factors cannot be ignored or underestimated in understanding both development and evolution of these disorders. It is recognized that mood disorders constitute a perfect example of how genetics and environment interact with each other in a complex fashion (4). 

Key words: Mood disorders, mood, literature, medicine in literature.

Biografía del autor/a

Álex González Grau, Universidad de Cartagena

MD, Psiquiatra, Universidad de Cartagena

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Cómo citar

[1]
González Grau, Álex 2011. TRASTORNOS DEL ESTADO DE ÁNIMO EN CIEN AÑOS DE SOLEDAD. Ilustración mediante un caso clínico. Medicina. 33, 2 (abr. 2011), 115–129.

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Publicado

2011-04-17

Número

Sección

Humanismo y Medicina