Frecuencia de Síntomas de Depresión en Pacientes Adolescentes con Epilepsia. Tratados en el Servicio de Consulta Externa de la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia y Fundación Liga Central Contra La Epilepsia

Autores/as

  • Carolina Ñungo Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Adolfo Álvarez Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Rafael Vásquez Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Mauricio Espitia Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Carlos Medina Malo Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Álvaro Izquierdo Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Palabras clave:

Síntomas depresivos, epilepsia, adolescentes, Depressive symptoms, epilepsy, adolescents

Resumen

*Este artículo está basado en la tesis de especialización de Carolina Ñungo bajo la dirección del segundo y tercer autor. Fragmentos de este artículo fueron presentados como poster en el XIV Congreso Nacional de Epilepsia en Medellín, Colombia, Septiembre de 2008.

Resumen

La epilepsia es una condición neurológica crónica que debido a su etiología, mecanismo fisiopatológico, a la clínica y al tratamiento tiene importantes repercusiones en el estado biopsicosocial de las personas que la padecen. En las últimas décadas se ha llamado la atención hacia el deterioro mental, emocional y en general en la calidad de vida de estos pacientes al padecer diferentes trastornos psicológicos. El tipo de comorbilidad psiquiátrica que con mayor frecuencia se diagnóstica en los pacientes con epilepsia es el trastorno depresivo.

Este estudio permite demostrar que la frecuencia de síntomas de depresión en un grupo de adolescentes entre 13 y 17 años con epilepsia es 4 veces mayor al compararlos con un grupo de personas de la misma edad sin epilepsia. Además el padecer epilepsia es el factor de asociación más importante para presentar síntomas depresivos de forma independiente con respecto a la edad o estrato socioeconómico.

Debido al tamaño de la muestra (90 pacientes) no se pudieron encontrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas con respecto a los distintos tipos de epilepsia, su evolución y tratamiento, aunque se hallo una mayor tendencia a la depresión en aquellos pacientes con diferentes tipos de crisis (focales y generalizadas), con epilepsia mal controlada y los que requieren politerapia.

Este el primer estudio en adolescentes realizado en nuestro país que demuestra la relevancia que tiene este tipo de trastornos en nuestros pacientes como se había demostrado en otros estudios a nivel mundial.

Palabras clave Síntomas depresivos, epilepsia, adolescentes.

Summary

The epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that due to its aetiology, physiopathological mechanism, the clinic and the treatment it has important repercussions in the biopsychosocial state of the people suffer who it. In the last decades the attention has been called towards the mental deterioration, emotional and generally in the quality of life of these patients when suffering different psychological disorders. The type of psychiatric comorbidity that most frequently is diagnosticated in the patients with epilepsy is the depressive disorder. This study shows that the frequency of symptoms of depression in a group of adolescents between 13 and 17 years with epilepsy is 4 times greater when comparing them with a group of people of the same age without epilepsy. In addition suffering epilepsy is the factor of association more important to present depressive symptoms of independent form with respect to the age, sort or socioeconomic layer.

Due to the sample size (90 patients) statistically significant differences with respect to the types of epilepsy, their evolution and treatment could not be found, although there are a greater tendency to the depression in those patients with different types from crisis (focal and generalized), with epilepsy not controlled and those that require politerapy. This first study in adolescents realized in our country that demonstrates the relevance that has east type of disorders in our patients since it had been demonstrated in other studies to world-wide level.

Key words: Depressive symptoms, epilepsy, adolescents

Biografía del autor/a

Carolina Ñungo, Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Departamento de Pediatría, Unidad de Neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Adolfo Álvarez, Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Departamento de Pediatría, Unidad de Neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Docentes Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Rafael Vásquez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Docentes Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Mauricio Espitia, Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Departamento de Pediatría, Unidad de Neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Carlos Medina Malo, Fundación Liga Central contra la Epilepsia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Departamento de Pediatría, Unidad de Neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Docentes Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Álvaro Izquierdo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Departamento de Pediatría, Unidad de Neuropediatria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Docentes Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

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Cómo citar

[1]
Ñungo, C. et al. 2009. Frecuencia de Síntomas de Depresión en Pacientes Adolescentes con Epilepsia. Tratados en el Servicio de Consulta Externa de la Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia y Fundación Liga Central Contra La Epilepsia. Medicina. 31, 3 (jul. 2009), 155–167.

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2009-07-16

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Artículos de Investigación